Phosphazene-promoted anionic polymerization

J. Zhao; N. Hadjichristidis; Y. Gnanou

doi:10.14314/polimery.2014.049

Published : 2014-01-30

Vol. 59 No. 1 (2014)

Phosphazene-promoted anionic polymerization

J. Zhao N. Hadjichristidis Y. Gnanou

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2014.049

Abstract

In the recent surge of metal-free polymerization techniques, phosphazene bases have shown their remarkable potential as organic promoters/catalysts for the anionic polymerization of various types of monomers. By complexation with the counterion (e.g. proton or lithium cation), phosphazene base significantly improve the nucleophilicity of the initiator/chain-end resulting in rapid and usually controlled anionic/quasi-anionic polymerization. In this review, we will introduce the general mechanism, i.e. in situ activation (of initiating sites) and polymerization, and summarize the applications of such a mechanism on macromolecular engineering toward functionalized polymers, block copolymers and complex macromolecular architectures.

Keywords

controlled anionic polymerization ; metal-free polymerization techniques ; phosphazene bases ; mechanism in situ activation kontrolowana polimeryzacja anionowa ; metody polimeryzacji bez udziału metalu ; zasady fosfazenowe ; mechanizm aktywacji in situ

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Zhao, J., Hadjichristidis, N., & Gnanou, Y. (2014). Phosphazene-promoted anionic polymerization. Polimery, 59(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2014.049

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J. Zhao polimery@ichp.pl

Affiliation
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory.

N. Hadjichristidis

Affiliation
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory.

Y. Gnanou

Affiliation
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering.