PET/Cloisite®15A composite fibers – studies on the structure and the flame inhibition mechanism

Janusz Fabia; Andrzej Gawłowski; Monika Rom; Czesław Ślusarczyk; Włodzimierz Biniaś; Anna Brzozowska-Stanuch; Michał Puchalski

doi:10.14314/polimery.2020.9.4

Published : 2020-12-16

Vol. 65 No. 9 (2020)

PET/Cloisite®15A composite fibers – studies on the structure and the flame inhibition mechanism

Janusz Fabia Andrzej Gawłowski Monika Rom Czesław Ślusarczyk Włodzimierz Biniaś Anna Brzozowska-Stanuch Michał Puchalski

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2020.9.4

Abstract

The improvement of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers flame retardancy is usually achieved by using antipyrenes, which may be incorporated into polyester molecules during polycondensation or are physically mixed with polymer in the fiber formation process. In this article we present an alternative method to reduce the flammability of PET fibers and fabrics which is analogous to dyeing them with a dispersed dyes in a high temperature bath. We have tested this method many times using various modifiers so far. This time, we applied a commercial organophilized montmorillonite Cloisite®15A (C15A). In the presented work, using Limited Oxygen Index (LOI) flammability tests and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) method, the effectiveness of the modification used was demonstrated and its optimal variant was determined. Based on Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) studies, the existence of interactions between PET macromolecules and the C15A modifier in the entire temperature range of the oxidative degradation was confirmed. Using the Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) methods, the basic parameters of the nanostructure of the studied fibers were determined, and their nanocomposite nature was confirmed. The most important goal, which was successfully achieved, was to explain the mechanism of flame inhibition by the applied modifier C15A.

Keywords

PET fibers ; Cloisite®15A ; flame retardancy ; LOI ; TGA ; FT-IR ; SEM ; WAXS ; SAXS włókna PET ; Cloisite®15A ; zmniejszona zapalność ; LOI ; TGA ; FT-IR ; SEM ; WAXS ; SAXS

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Fabia, J., Gawłowski, A., Rom, M., Ślusarczyk, C., Biniaś, W., Brzozowska-Stanuch, A., & Puchalski, M. (2020). PET/Cloisite®15A composite fibers – studies on the structure and the flame inhibition mechanism. Polimery, 65(9), 622–631. https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2020.9.4

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Janusz Fabia jfabia@ath.bielsko.pl

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biala, Institute of Textile Engineering and Polymer Materials, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

Andrzej Gawłowski

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biala, Institute of Textile Engineering and Polymer Materials, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

Monika Rom

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biala, Institute of Textile Engineering and Polymer Materials, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

Czesław Ślusarczyk

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biala, Institute of Textile Engineering and Polymer Materials, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

Włodzimierz Biniaś

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biala, Institute of Textile Engineering and Polymer Materials, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

Anna Brzozowska-Stanuch

Affiliation
BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd, Sarni Stok 93, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

Michał Puchalski

Affiliation
Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland