Inhibitors of thermally induced burn incidents – the examinations of the flammability, TGA, SAXS and SEM methods

A. Pielesz; A. Gawłowski; J. Fabia; C. Ślusarczyk; E. Sarna

doi:10.14314/polimery.2017.806

Published : 2021-01-15

Vol. 62 No. 11-12 (2017)

Inhibitors of thermally induced burn incidents – the examinations of the flammability, TGA, SAXS and SEM methods

A. Pielesz A. Gawłowski J. Fabia C. Ślusarczyk E. Sarna

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2017.806

Abstract

The examinations of the skin flammability, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and thermogravimetric (TGA) investigations were all carried out in temperature sufficient for simulating a burn incident. Above methods were used to perform assessment of collagen molecular structure changes in conditions of thermal oxidative stress, whereas the scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM) was used to illustrate skin surface changes. The changes were observed in the presence of active antioxidants such as L-ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate and hydrogel of orthosilicic acid H4SiO4 • n H2O. Presence of these modifiers of the burn process minimizes external effects of simulated burn incidents for model samples of animal skin and burn wound epidermis extracted from the patients. The examinations of the skin flammability were carried out with the limited oxygen index (LOI) method. In this study, synergy between orthosilicic acid and L-ascorbic acid and sodium ascorbate into animal and human skin has been shown through an increase in LOI values. The treatment by means of L-ascorbic acid affects particular morphological changes in the skin which is visible in SEM method. Skin samples incubated in the solution of the 3.5 %, 5 % L-ascorbic acid, 7 % sodium ascorbate solutions and 7 % orthosilicic acid demonstrate the development of a structure resembling a coherent solid composite. SAXS gives structural information on the assembly of dermal collagen as well as the lamellar organization of stratum corneum (SC) lipids located in the outermost part of the epidermis. Using this technique, two lamellar phases with repeat distance of approximately 4.3 and 6 nm in the SC lipids domains were observed. Moreover, the diameter of the collagen fibrils were extracted. The observed differences in the values of these parameters allowed us to better understand the mechanism of modification of the surface of the burn affected skin and the influence of the modification on the process of skin regeneration.

Keywords

collagen of skin ; burn incidents ; L-ascorbic acid ; sodium ascorbate ; orthosilicic acid ; LOI ; TGA ; SAXS ; SEM kolagen ; incydent oparzeniowy ; kwas L-askorbinowy ; askorbinian sodu ; kwas ortokrzemowy ; LOI ; TGA ; SAXS ; SEM

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Pielesz, A., Gawłowski, A., Fabia, J., Ślusarczyk, C., & Sarna, E. (2021). Inhibitors of thermally induced burn incidents – the examinations of the flammability, TGA, SAXS and SEM methods. Polimery, 62(11-12), 806–811. https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2017.806

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A. Pielesz apielesz@ath.bielsko.pl

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biała, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Willowa 2, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

A. Gawłowski

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biała, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Willowa 2, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

J. Fabia

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biała, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Willowa 2, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

C. Ślusarczyk

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biała, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Willowa 2, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland

E. Sarna

Affiliation
University of Bielsko-Biała, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Materials, Willowa 2, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland